farbstoffe essays

farbstoffe expositions In diesem Bereich mchte ich einige grundlegende Prinzipien zum Thema Farbe erlutern. Denn obwohl nicht nur Farbphotographie und Farbfernsehen, sondern eigentlich unser ganzes Leben von Farbe bestimmt ist und wichtige Entscheidungen davon abhngen (kick the bucket Blinden und Farbenblinden nehme ich hier mal aus), gibt es dabei ein Problem: Wir haben mit lair Farbnamen, bite the dust wir verwenden, kein eindeutiges System, um eine Farbe zu beschreiben. Was ist beispielsweise Knigsblau? Jeder, der passes on jetzt liest, wird seine eigene Vorstellung davon haben und wenn man all diese Farben auf einem Blatt nebeneinander htte, wrde wohl jeder Farbton anders aussehen. Und so ist das eigentlich mit all sanctum Farben, deren Namen wir im Alltag verwenden. Vllig undurchsichtig wird das Ganze dann, wenn man bite the dust Farbnamen der Bekleidungsindustrie betrachtet, kick the bucket wohl mit jeder neuen Mode neu erfunden werden. Und selbst das Wort Farbe ist nicht eindeutig. Umgangssprachlich wird es sowohl fr einen Farbstoff, fr ein optisches Phnomen und fr einen Sinneseindruck verwendet. Pass on englischsprachigen Lnder unterscheiden da genauer: Einem Amerikaner kme es bspw. nicht in cave Sinn in einem Baumarkt einen Eimer shading zu kaufen. Einen Eimer paint wrde er aber erhalten. Das Hauptproblem ist, daãÿ Farbe keine physikalische Grãÿe wie Lnge oder Gewicht ist, pass on eindeutig definiert ist. Farbe ist eher ein Sinneseindruck wie Geschmack oder Geruch. Und Farbe setzt eine Bestrahlung mit sichtbarem Licht voraus. Ohne Licht keine Farbe. Trotzdem, auch mit dem Wissen, das in diesem Bereich vermittelt wird, ist es nicht mglich Farbe zu messen. Man kann nur pass on Strahlung messen, pass on in unser Auge eintritt und dann im Gehirn einen Farbeindruck hervorruft. Ob das bei Person A derselbe ist, wie bei Person B ist ein ganz anderes Thema. Das Bedrfnis des Menschen, sich und seine Umwelt mit Farben zu schmc... <!

Organizations and institutions Essay

Keeping up and protecting the earth has been one of the key issues that have been predominant in right now. Making roads for ecological supportability has ceaselessly been apparent among states, associations and foundations. The equivalent applies for the marine nature especially the Giant Blue-Fin fish. The nonstop decrease of its populace has been disturbing various areas in the economy just as various natural NGOs. Therefore, it made various endeavors among various associations and governments to secure the Giant Blue-Fin Tuna. By controlling the measure of Giant Blue-Fin Tuna caught day by day, the number of inhabitants in such species can be spared and be kept from elimination. The Giant Blue-Fin fish is viewed as one of the most valued species in the marine realm. â€Å"Atlantic bluefin fish, Thunnus thynnus (Linnaeus, 1758), otherwise known as bluefin fish, horse mackerel, northern bluefin fish is viewed as one of the most exceptionally advanced fish species and one of the most valued fish at risk for over angling. † (MarineBio. organization, 2007, p. 1) A Giant Blue-Fin is described under the classification of ‘tuna’ because of their extraordinary arrangement. â€Å"Tuna, beginning from the Greek word meaning â€Å"to rush,† as a rule swim at paces of 1. 5-4 kts, can keep up 8 kts for quite a while, and can seldom break 20 kts for brief periods. † (MarineBio. organization, 2007, p. 1) The Blue-Fin fish is ordered under the Scombridae family and it is viewed as the biggest specie under such arrangement. â€Å"It is one of the biggest hard fishes and can arrive at lengths of up to 3 m, despite the fact that they are all the more normally found from . 5-2 m long. Grown-up loads run from 136-680 kg, in spite of the fact that the upper weight territory is uncommon. † (MarineBio. organization, 2007, p. 1) Its appearance can be depicted to be â€Å"dark blue to dark close to the dorsal surface and shiny close to the ventral surface. † (MarineBio. organization, 2007, p. 1) furthermore, Giant Blue-Fin fish lives from 15 †30 years. Likewise, Giant Blue-Fin fishes are viewed as warm blooded fishes. â€Å"Atlantic bluefin are homeothermic (â€Å"warm-blooded†) and are hence ready to thermoregulate keeping their internal heat levels higher than the encompassing water, which is the reason they are so all around adjusted to colder waters. † Locations The Giant Blue-Fin fish are just situated in specific spots. â€Å"Bluefin are exceptionally transient and constrained quantities of people may cross the Atlantic in as meager as 60 days and are generally disseminated all through the Atlantic and can be found from Newfoundland right to the shore of Brazil. † (MarineBio. organization, 2007, p. 1) likewise, â€Å"they extend in the eastern Atlantic as far north as Norway and down to northern West Africa. Bluefin labeled in the Bahamas have been caught in Norway just as off the shore of Brazil. Bluefin in the South Atlantic have a place with an unmistakable southern populace, with known producing regions south of Java, Indonesia. † (MarineBio. organization, 2007, p. 1) Current Problems over the span of time as advancement ventures into the image, certain negative and unfavorable have started to radiate from the procedure. The most influenced segment in the improvement procedure is nature. As people keep on growing innovatively the results of such upgrades have been the earth and the biological system. With this, it very well may be contended that the marine environment has additionally been enduring a similar destiny. Such event doesn't extra the Giant Blue-Fin fish as its populace bit by bit and persistently decreases throughout the years. It is generally realized that the Giant Blue-blade fish fills in as a significant wellspring of food and salary among the angling business. â€Å"Once, goliath bluefin relocated by the millions all through the Atlantic Basin and the Mediterranean Sea, their tissue so imperative to the individuals of the old world that they painted the tuna’s similarity on cavern dividers and stamped its picture on coins. † (Montaigne, 2007, p. 1) The Giant Blue-balance fish are respected by numerous individuals to be a wellspring of scrumptious food especially really taking shape of sushi. â€Å"The goliath, or Atlantic, bluefin has another phenomenal characteristic, one that may end up being its demise: Its rich midsection meat, generously layered with fat, is viewed as the best sushi on the planet. † (Montaigne, 2007, p. 1) Too much chasing With the colossal interest for its meat, the Giant Blue-blade fish has been a casualty of unreasonable chasing by various anglers and establishments. â€Å"Over the previous decade, a cutting edge naval force, frequently guided by spotter planes, has sought after goliath bluefin from one finish of the Mediterranean to the next, yearly netting a huge number of the fish, a large number of them wrongfully. † (Montaigne, 2007, p. 1) furthermore, with the use of the innovative points of interest in fisheries, the decrease of Giant Blue-balance fish rose exaggeratedly. â€Å"The destruction of goliath bluefin is significant of everything amiss with worldwide fisheries today: the boundlessly expanded killing intensity of new angling innovation, the shadowy system of universal organizations making immense benefits from the exchange, careless fisheries the board and implementation, and consumers’ lack of interest to the destiny of the fish they decide to purchase. † (Montaigne, 2007, p. 1) Enforcement or Request There had been various endeavors by states just as universal associations in tending to these issues. Angling of Giant Blue-blade can never be prohibited because of the overall interest of customers for their meat. Consequently, associations and states organized portions for neighborhood and global anglers on how much each should angle. Notwithstanding, these portions are periodically disregarded or not followed. â€Å"The bunch accused of overseeing bluefin fish stocks, the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tuna (ICCAT), has recognized that the armada has been disregarding standards heinously. † (Montaigne, 2007, p. 2) furthermore, perceiving the consistent decrease of Giant Blue-Fin fish in the sea, ICCAT has mentioned various states and organizations to diminish their amounts to permit these species to populate and increase, be that as it may, these associations and states declined. â€Å"But in spite of solid alerts from its own researcher, ICCATâ€with 43 part statesâ€refused to lessen shares fundamentally last November, over the protests of designations from the U. S. , Canada, and a bunch of different countries. † (Montaigne, 2007, p. 2) It has been anticipated that on the off chance that this kind of angling proceeds, at that point such industry would crumple and the Giant Blue-blade can get terminated. â€Å". Researchers gauge that if angling proceeds at momentum levels, stocks will undoubtedly fall. † (Montaigne, 2007, p. 2) What should be possible There are various components that tree hugger and the legislature have attempted to implement to forestall the persistent over angling of these species. In any case, little consistence can be found in the process because of the popularity presented by the Giant Blue-Fin fish particularly on the planet showcase. Subsequently, it is important for states and gatherings to improve the degree of observing and execution of rules and enactment. Also, stricter estimates must be authorized to encourage a superior future for these animals. Compelling Management Effective administration can be an answer for the long and blocking issue of over angling in the sea for Giant Blue-Fin fish. â€Å"Experts concur that, first, the world’s seas must be overseen as biological systems, not just as larders from which the angling business can separate protein voluntarily. †(Montaigne, 2007, p. 4) By making successful and proficient administration systems can help upgrade the endeavors in improving the general status of Giant Blue-Fin fish. â€Å"Second, the administration chambers that regulate fisheries, for example, ICCAT, since a long time ago ruled by business angling interests, must impart capacity to researchers and preservationists. † (Montaigne, 2007, p. 4) Cutting Fishing Vessels The steady decay of Giant Blue-Fin fish are because of various anglers who gets them. One potential situation that administrators and associations can do is restricting the quantity of permitted anglers and enterprises who will take part in such activities. Thusly, it can help the number of inhabitants in the Giant Blue-Fin fish to increment. â€Å"Further, governments must curtail the world’s 4,000,000 angling vesselsâ€nearly twofold what is expected to angle the sea sustainablyâ€and cut the evaluated 25 billion dollars in government appropriations offered every year on the angling business. † (Montaigne, 2007, p. 4) Setting standards and marine havens By making shares, Giant Blue-Fin fish populace can be kept up and can give a road to an expansion in populace. â€Å"For goliath bluefin in the Mediterranean, that may mean closing down the fishery during the producing season and generously expanding the base catch weight. † (Montaigne, 2007, p. 4) But with this circumstance accompanies powerful and proficient investigation and implementation among the state, office and association responsible for the procedure. Likewise, by making marine havens in the territory, Giant Blue-Fin fish can endure the unnecessary measure of angling by anglers in a specific region. Marine havens try to ensure the general region where Giant Blue-Fin fish are arranged. This implies they can't be gotten. â€Å"Another pivotal advance, both in the Mediterranean and around the globe, would be the making of enormous marine secured territories. † (Montaigne, 2007, p. 4) Campaigning for change can likewise help during the time spent protection and manageability. â€Å"Also significant are battles by such gatherings as the Marine Stewardship Council, which is working with buyers just as retail mammoths to advance exchange economically got fish. �

Bradbury s depiction of schools driven by technol Essays

Bradbury' s delineation of schools driven by innovation and game joins past theoretical works which communicated wariness at innovation's importance and moral job in the study hall or the library. In her review of how books and libraries show up in cutting edge writings, Katherine Pennavaria shows how, from the late nineteenth century , sci-fi routinely indicated corrupted or simply artefactual writings being transmitted through progressively tyr annical or vile innovation. Doctored or hello tech t exts can just create a simulacrum of the procedure of fundamental comprehension (what pre-present day culture would have called lectio ) and reflective perusing ( meditatio ), for there is nothing behind these writings . There is a r esulting disintegration of residents' capacity to think fundamentally, recognize deception, maintain a strategic distance from insignificance, and make new messages. The workforce of individual and collective insight was under specific danger during the 1950s as the House Unamerican Activities Committee (HUAC) looked for an uncommon degree of control. T he American Library Association's 1953 articulation The Freedom to Read contended that the ord inary person's activity of basic judgment was the rampart against g overnment-supported concealment (Preamble). Bradbury shows an instructive framework which attempts to disintegrate the staff of basic judgment by efficiently dissolving understudies' understanding of, or strive after the all-inclusive conversation that genuine idea requires...[and] the gathering of information and ide as into sorted out assortments (ALA, Preamble). Clarisse's impactful complaint shows a characteristic inclination for human conversationalists even with repetitive, straightforward innovation . Believable, significant memory is an incorporation of the human (the valid, the genuine) and the litera ry (the excellent, the commendable). Bradbury contends that this union is contained in the true, memory-taking care of content, not a flimsy and inauthentic innovative medium. Where formal tutoring neglects to frustrate scholarly development, different instruments of social control work all the more correctionally against it. The burni ng of the elderly person in Part One stays one of twentieth-century fiction's most impactful portrayals of social biblioclasm . The elderly person meets the Firemen with a citation from Foxe's Booke of Martyrs : Play the man, Master Ridley; we will this sunshine such a flame, by God's effortlessness, in England, as I trust will never be put out (43). By appropriating Hugh Latimer's words, the elderly person confirms her perusing and the moral utilization of this perusing. She has incorporated Latimer's words so totally into her memory that this discourse demonstration both uncovers her demeanor to the curr ent setting, and conflates it with Hugh Latimer's . The two settings are presented as a powerful influence for the atemporal res abuse of the innocentof which they are just worldly examples. In her examination of individu als utilizing others' artistic words in extremis , Mary Carruthers comments on the significant coordination between influence, moral mindfulness, and recollective memory which is required to play out this . Where a peruser talks again another's words shows that the understudy of the content, having processed it by re-encountering it in memory, has become not its translator, bu t its new creator, or re-creator (210). By and by, the significance of Aristotle's remark about information being made out of the recollections of others is apparent in Bradbury's tale. Carruthers remarks that

Bruce Goffs Bavinger House Essays - Organic Architecture

Bruce Goff's Bavinger House Essays - Organic Architecture Bruce Goff's Bavinger House Presentation: Bruce Goffs working profession traversed sixty-six years, from 1916, when he started working in a designers office, until his demise in 1982. During that time he got in excess of 450 commissions for structures and related plans, bringing about in excess of 500 proposition of which in any event 147 were figured it out. Bruce Goff involved a special spot in American design. His structures resembled those of no other planner. His quirky plans compared shapes in sudden yet wonderful mixes. His dependence on unordinary materials brought about bizarre, here and there advanced mixes of hues and surfaces. His inside plans were undauntedly capricious and were planned to give both physical solace and otherworldly food. His objective was to structure for the ceaseless present without alluding explicitly to the past, present, or future. Chipping away at this perfect plane, Goff consistently discovered new and astonishing approaches to fulfill the practical requests of an undertaking. The uniquen ess of Goff's structures could be attributed in huge part to his assurance not to be limited by past ways to deal with engineering, to his all out responsibility to his customers' wants, and to his interminable quest for motivation in music, painting, and writing. In contrast to a large number of his kindred engineers, Bruce Goff didn't try to give students of history a strong collection of work in any customary design. Goff worked as long as he can remember to liberate engineering from the inactive figures of speech of the past and to appear by his own model that there were numerous unprecedented opportunities for advancement on the planet. No two of his structures appeared to be identical, and this appeared to have been his objective; his adage of starting over and over didn't fit the innate refinement of style rehearsed by a large portion of his peers. In portraying his way to deal with design, he stated, Each time we do a structure it ought to be the first and the last. We should start over and over, in light of the fact that all issues are not quite the same as one another; regardless of whether they may appear to be comparable. Goffs irregularity of individual style was just impression of the variety of customer style. Goffs particular natural style: Nearly from the primary distributions of Bruce Goff's engineering work in the different media there had been an affiliation made between Goff's structures and those of Frank Lloyd Wright-pundits called attention to the closeness of plan methods of reasoning just as the likenesses found between a portion of crafted by every draftsman. During the introduction in a gathering entitled An American Architecture: Its Roots, Growth and Horizons, Goff talked about the numerous impacts on his 'style' of design and specifically the impact of Frank Lloyd Wright on his work: I think he (Frank Lloyd Wright) helped more than some other single thing in my life to cause me to understand that there was a lot of opportunity (in engineering structure) when you saw progressively about natural design and build up your own inclination about it in your own wayK. Honest Lloyd Wright brought the word natural into his way of thinking of design as ahead of schedule as 1908. His natural design was to take out box which was a most loved structure in International Style and to free the human soul in the structure and related it to its condition. It was likewise an expansion of the lessons of his tutor Louis Sullivan whose trademark structure follows work turned into the mantra of present day engineering. Wright changed this expression to frame a capacity are one, utilizing nature as the best case of this coordination. Wright's natural design took on another importance. It was anything but a style of impersonation, since he didn't profess to fabricate structures which were illustrative of nature. Rather natural design was a reevaluation of nature's standards as they had been sifted through the smart personalities of people who could then form structures which were more normal than nature itself. Natural design was certainly another feeling of sanctu ary for empathetic life. He composed: All structures assembled should serve the freedom of humankind, freeing the lives of people. What stunning magnificence would be our own if man's soul, consequently natural, ought to figure out how to describe this new free existence of our own in America as common. Wright's way of thinking of natural design was not to be mistaken for his particular style. That

Critical analysis of the potential challenges that newly qualified Essay

Basic investigation of the potential difficulties that recently qualified youngsters' medical attendant may confront - Essay Example This infers the medical caretakers answerable for the nursing of youngsters have more noteworthy pressure and more noteworthy difficulties to experience as they have more prominent obligations. Improving the focal point of the investigation in this unique circumstance, it tends to be understood that children’s attendants who are recently qualified are experienced with more prominent number of difficulties while they play out their jobs of dealing with a little kid. The underlying years for the children’s nurture in their vocation have been seen to be affected by colossal pressure (Kirpal, 72). There are a few clashes in the psyches of the recently qualified medical attendants when they enter an association and begin working. These contentions are related with the various qualities and societies that the individual associations follow, their orders, and the given obligations (Nash, Lemcke and Sacre, 49). A certified medical caretaker is required to play out her obligatio ns with proficient ability and include influential positions, support of guidelines, take choices dependent on morals and equity, consider duties genuinely just as pass on exercises to other people (Burton and Ormrod, 1-2). Out of the few difficulties that the recently qualified children’s medical caretakers may need to experience, the current investigation would talk about on three essential issues identified with time the board, authority exercises, and responsibility of the attendants. In this way the investigation centers around the previously mentioned three key issues and examines the impacts of these potential difficulties on recently qualified children’s attendants, attempting to furnish with some plausible suggestions too. Recently Qualified Children’s Nurses: Nursing is an exceptionally testing activity and requires noteworthy competency among the certified medical caretakers (Duffy, Dresser and Fulton, 15). When the medical caretakers have finished th eir courses they are qualified to become enrolled attendants. From that point it is basic that these medical attendants are set up to play out their jobs productively. The earth wherein they work, the nature and weight of the work, the organization’s desires from them, the comprehension of the principles and orders of the wellbeing association the medical attendants are related with, dealing with the strength of patients, the little kids having extreme infections and getting related with the work culture with due duty, are a portion of the elements that are profoundly huge and might need help for the recently qualified children’s medical attendants (Chung, Wong and Cheung, 410). When a recently qualified medical attendant joins an association, she should take barely any prior weeks she has all the duties to be performed by her. These jobs incorporate after different medical caretakers to comprehend the performing expressions, undertaking obligations of patients, and co nsolidating the essential jobs in their work like appropriate correspondence, cleanliness, keeping up protection and etiquette, overseeing pressure, wellbeing, legitimate sustenance and reasonable condition of patients (Hole, 24-26). In this manner it very well may be understood that recently qualified medical caretakers have more prominent obligations as far as performing, however just as in learning and getting master in the field of their jobs and obligations. This is turn can be comprehended to make potential difficulties, as talked about later in the report, that are required to oversaw effectively by the medical attendants to conquer all boundaries and increase accomplishment in their accomplishments.

Leadership and Management Case Study - 550 Words

Leadership and Management (Case Study Sample) Content: Leadership and ManagementNameInstitutionThere are various types of leadership models/theories that each and every leader must be privy to for effective management purposes. However, among the leadership models, the servant leadership model requires a personal introspection as compared to the others. According to Tom Peters, servant leadership adheres to the C. H. R. O platform of organizational leadership. In full, C. H. R. O stands for Chief Hurdle Removal Officer (Peters, n.d). It is important for a leader to voluntarily conduct a certain duty for the sake of establishing rapport with the workers under his/her jurisdiction. No one tells the leader to do the work but it is an intrinsic task that all leaders should be aware of in an organization. This is a modern concept for leaders since it confirms their commitment in removing hurdles out of the way. A leader has to work tirelessly as the boss to ensure that all operations in the organization are running smoothly. I am a servant leader because I lead by example. I am a role model who is motivated by the thought of service provision for all.Practical application of management in an organization is always a complicated task for most leaders. For instance, defining leadership theories is different from demonstrating them in the course of management. The practical aspect of Trait Theory is the application of personality traits such as consciousness and openness in leadership (Schyns Meindl, 2005). Path Goal Theory links a leaderà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s behavior with his/her performance at the work station. The leader should behave in a manner that supports the performance of his/her subordinates. Autocratic Theory entails the practice of a leader making decisions and passes them over to the subordinates for implementation. In Transactional Theory of leadership, leadersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ morals play a significant ro...

APA Essay Samples of APA Citation

APA Essay Samples of APA CitationAPA (American Psychological Association) is a professional organization of psychologists that has been serving its members and considering for many years for their participation in the APA is very important for your future career. There are many APA essay samples of APA citation. These essay samples of APA citation are supposed to serve as your guide in explaining a conclusion that has been drawn by the APA with regards to some new situation. If you are not confident to submit your own essay samples of APA citation, you can rely on the trusted guides of the APA to give you all the needed information and guidance.Each APA essay sample of APA citation is to be submitted along with the required identification and subject statement. All of the arguments that you will use in the final essay are to be put into words and presented in a style which may be referred to as paragraph-ridden. This style of writing will become clear with the passing of time and wil l become the preferred style by the APA essay panel. The content of each paragraph is expected to contain short, concise arguments and ideas. The arguments and ideas will be giving sub-headed to reflect the brevity of the argument.The reason why it is so important to submit an APA essay sample of APA citation is that it serves as the gateway for the professional psychology to fully understand the content that you wish to explain. The panel will be able to go over your essay and evaluate each argument that you present so that it may be written on the basis of these carefully and smoothly completed points. At this time, the APA policy in regard to dissertation titles is quite varied and you should not let this enter into your mind that the method of getting tenure or receiving recognition should not be the way to do it.The policy of accepting a dissertation proposal of the former APA or the American Psychological Association is to be satisfactory to the committee. Theses used to be gi ven an essay sample of APA citation which can be downloaded from the APA website. Nowadays, these have been replaced by new versions and your essay samples of APA citation will now come under the guidelines of these new versions. The above mentioned version of the APA essay samples of APA citation can be downloaded from the APA website.The new version that you need to download are the 4 paragraph style. These paragraphs are then subdivided into paragraphs of few sentences each. The way in which you make your argument will depend on the sub-heading of each paragraph. If your sub-heading indicates that you are making an argument of a certain subject, then you will use that in your argument. This also helps you to find the pattern in your argument in case you fail to find an answer on a particular topic.Some of the submitted samples of APA citation which may be submitted to the panel members will be very good and informative for the panel members. Some will be totally ridiculous, total ly nonsensical, and some may be in the same category. If you are not satisfied with the APA essay samples of APA citation then you can ask for the opinion of the committee. The APA is not going to harm you because the panel members are non-profit organizations. The APA is simply a subject for you to guide.APA essay samples of APA citation may be submitted either to the board of advisors or to the APA office. It is also recommended that you submit your essay samples of APA citation to the APA newsletter. The newsletter will be able to provide you all the details you will need so that you can get a complete idea of the APA essay samples of APA citation. This will also give you some knowledge of APA term so that you can comprehend what it means.

Intention to create legal relations - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2650 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? 1.The concept of intention to create legal relations is used by the courts as a device to enable them to deny enforceability to those agreements which they consider should not be legally enforced (Jill Poole, Contract Law). Discuss. 1500 words In order for a legally binding contract to come into existence, there are certain requirements which must be met. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Intention to create legal relations" essay for you Create order Briefly, these requirements include a clear offer and acceptance, consideration moving from the promisee, and an intention on the part of the contracting parties to create legal relations. Why has this concept been included in the prerequisites of a contract? Poole states that it is in order for the courts to deny enforceability to contracts which they do not consider should be legally enforced. How effective is the imposition of this doctrine is policing the suitability of contracts? What is the basis of the doctrine? The basic doctrine, then, is that in order for a valid and binding contract to exist, the parties to the contract must have had an intention to create legal relations. In the vast majority of commercial transactions, this is relatively straightforward, and rarely gives rise to any controversy. It is presumed, in law, that parties to any commercial transaction intend, from the outset, to be legally bound by their agreement. This legal binding offers them security and the possibility of redress if the other party fails to perform their part of the contract. It is in the context of domestic and social agreements that the doctrine plays its most significant role. In this context, the courts make a presumption in the opposite direction; namely that the parties do not intend to be bound by their agreement. This is based on the policy that the courts should, as a rule, stay out of regulating domestic and social agreements. There are, then, two presumptions used by the courts in the context of the doctrine of intention to create legal relations, both of which are, however, rebuttable. The earliest case in which the doctrine was expounded was that of Balfour v Balfour. The fact that the doctrine first appeared as late as 1919 shows that it was a very late development in the law of contract. Briefly, the case involved a husband and wife, who went abroad to live. When the plaintiff wife decided to stay in England rather than return abroad with her hus band, she alleged they made an oral agreement for him to pay her some money each month. The first instance judge said the defendant owed it to his wife to look after her, while the Court of Appeal held that he was not liable to make the payments to his wife. In the context of Pooleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s statement, then, the Court of Appeal used the doctrine of intention to create legal relations to enable them to deny enforceability to an agreement which they felt should not be enforced. Domestic affairs, it was thought, should be dealt with privately, or else there would be a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"flood of litigationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. Atkins LJà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s judgement in this case clearly recognises the doctrine of intention to create legal relations. What is the basis for this presumption? According to McKendrick, Atkins LJà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s judgement suggests that the initial presumption is derived from the law (or public policy) rather than the intention of the parties.[1] In th is particular case, Atkins LJ put forward the floodgates argument; that if they afforded binding status to this type of arrangement, the lower courts would be overwhelmed with similar cases. The presumption that domestic agreements are not intended to be binding was first established, then, in Balfour v Balfour in 1919. The later case of Merritt v Merritt, however, added a new aspect to this doctrine. The presumption in domestic agreements can be rebutted (that is, it can be found that there was an intention to create legal relations) where the parties have separated, or are about to separate, at the time of the arrangement. The Court of Appeal found the plaintiff wife was able to enforce her defendant husbandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s promise, as they were not happily married at the time of the agreement. Again, this shows the courtsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ willingness to use the doctrine of intention to create legal relations to deny or affirm enforceability to those agreements which they c onsider worthy. Here they were keen to afford a measure of protection to the plaintiff wife, and the presumption was therefore said to have been rebutted for this purpose. This same motivation was evident in the subsequent case of Tanner v Tanner. This case established that where a party gives up their legal rights in reliance upon a domestic arrangement, that arrangement is legally binding. Again this shows the courtsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ willingness to afford the protection of contractual certainty in some domestic arrangements. A similar presumption to the one established in Balfour v Balfour was evident in the case of Jones v Padavatton. Here it was established that in family arrangements, there is a presumption that the parties do not intend to create legal relations. Briefly, the plaintiff offered her daughter (the defendant) an allowance if the daughter gave up her job in the USA and studied for the Bar in London. The mother subsequently bought her daughter a house to rent ou t to provide an income for the daughter. Three years later the mother claimed possession as the daughter had still not passed her Bar exams. The Court of Appeal held that as the parties were close when the arrangement was made, and because the arrangement was vague and uncertain, there was no intention to be bound. This case would seem rather to contradict Pooleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s statement, as following Tanner v Tanner, one might have expected the courts to afford some degree of protection to the plaintiff mother who was seeking to rely on the agreement being contractually binding. The case shows that the courts will not simply use the doctrine to arrive at a just solution at the expense of other relevant doctrines. The presumption established in Jones v Padavatton can also, however, be rebutted. According to Simpkins v Pays, an arrangement between members of the same household can rebut the presumption. The case involved a domestic arrangement between three ladies (two of whom were related) who lived in the same house to pool their entries into a newspaper fashion competition and to share any prize money. The entry was sent in the defendantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s name. It was held that the plaintiff could recover a third of the prize money from the defendant, and that there had been an intention to be legally bound. In commercial agreements, the opposite presumption applies. This is because of the need for certainty in commercial transactions. Parties to any commercial agreement, then, intend to be legally bound, whether it is a corporate contract, or simply a contract to purchase goods in a shop. Although it is more difficult than in the domestic context, it is not impossible to rebut this presumption. The case of Rose and Frank Co v JR Crompton established that the presumption can be rebutted by the inclusion of an à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"honourà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ clause in the contract. In this case, a contract clause provided à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“This arrangement is not entered into, nor is this memorandum written, as a formal or legal agreement, and shall not be subject to legal jurisdiction in the law courts.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Where the presumption is sought to be rebutted in the commercial context, the onus of doing so rests with the party claiming it does not apply (Edwards v Skyways Ltd). If there is any doubt as to whether the presumption should apply, following Esso Petroleum Ltd v Commissioners of Customs and Excise, the court should use an objective test to decide the issue. Finally, in deciding whether the presumption has been rebutted, the courts should look at the totality of the evidence (J Evans, etc v Andrea Merzario Ltd). The courts, then, throughout the last century, have developed the doctrine of intention to create legal relations in order to differentiate between arrangements which they consider should be enforced, and those which should not. This has been done by establishing various presumptions which will apply, depend ing on whether the agreement is a domestic, social, or commercial one, unless they can be rebutted. __________________________________________ 2. Problem question There are a number of contractual issues arising in this scenario. Firstly, what is included in the contract which Jack makes with the travel agent? The initial advert promises à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"great deals on your weekend breaks or your money backà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. If this is found to be a term incorporated into the contract, Jack and Vera will have redress at the end of their disappointing holiday. Following the case of Bannerman v White, a statement which is merely an incident in preliminary negotiations is not a term of the contract. It must be understood and intended by both parties to be a term of the contract. It seems that the offer of a money back guarantee would be intended to be a term by Great Escapes. The advert, however, would probably not be considered the offer in the contract. Following Partridge v Crittenden, an advertisement is usually considered an invitation to treat as opposed to an offer. This is because it is clear that in an advert, the advertiser does not intend to be bound. The situation might have been different had Jack noticed the advert displayed prominently in a window (of the tour operatorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s office). In this situation, following Bowerman v Association of British Travel Agents Ltd, such an advertisement would have been considered an offer to the world. This is significant as it determines what was involved in the contract. If the contract was formed at a later time than Jack à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"acceptingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ the offer in the newspaper, the money back statement would more likely be considered a representation than a term of the contract. It seems likely in this scenario that the offer was made, not by the tour operators in their advert, but by Jack when he telephoned the travel agent. The upshot of this is that he will not be able to rely on the money back guarantee as a term of the contract, but he may be able to bring a misrepresentation claim if the tour operator refuses to pay back their money. Jillà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s statement that the Raffles Hotel is an à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"exclusive hotel that meets all of his requirementsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ is made over the telephone. It is important to establish at what exact point in the call Jill made her statement. It is significant as it could give Jack another possible cause of action for misrepresentation. It is unclear from the scenario whether Jack relied on Jillà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s statement during negotiations to enter into the contract. If the contract was made and Jill subsequently made the statement, Jack will have no redress on this count (the representee must have relied on the statement following JEB Fasteners Ltd v Marks Bloom Co). Even if the statement was made prior to concluding the agreement, Jack may have some trouble relying on it. According to Edgin gton v Fitzmaurice, an actionable misrepresentation is a false statement of an existing fact. In this instance, there may be some doubt that Jillà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s statement was of an existing fact as opposed to an opinion. Following Bissett v Wilkinson, a statement of opinion will not usually be considered a statement of fact. A statement made in this situation, however, must be full and frank, not partial and misleading (Curtis v Chemical Cleaning Dyeing Co). There is no doubt that Jillà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s statement is misleading as to the facilities and standard of the Raffles Hotel. On the back of Jackà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s receipt, there is a disclaimer by Great Escapes to the effect that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"we cannot be held liable for any disappointment caused by lack of amenities in any of our partner hotelsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. It is possible that Great Escapes could rely on this clause to escape liability for the lack of an ensuite bathroom and poor views. It seems that Jack wou ld probably be able to defeat this defence, however. Following Parker v South Eastern Railway, an exclusion clause of this sort will be incorporated by giving reasonable notice that the document contained writing. Whether reasonable notice has been given will be a question of fact which is determined objectively. In Thompson v LM S Rly Co, it was held that the defendant had taken reasonable steps to bring the conditions to the publicà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s notice. In this scenario, it will have to be determined objectively whether a condition which is displayed on the back of the receipt constituted reasonable notice. Even if it does, however, the disclaimer will probably not be considered a condition of the contract, as it was not brought to Jackà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s attention prior to concluding the contract. Following Olley v Marlborough Court, the clause must be brought to the other partyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s attention before or at the time of contracting. Jack will probably be able to disregard this disclaimer as not being part of the contract. The fact that Jack contracts food poisoning, probably from the sea food platter in the hotel restaurant, has little bearing on the contract. It is possible they would have a claim for negligence on the part of the hotel chefs, but it would be difficult to prove. If they were successful in this, however, Jack and Vera would also be able to claim damages in the amount of the value of the tickets for the show they had to miss (300 Euros). With regard to the green algae in the hotel pool, it is again possible that Jack and Vera may have a claim in negligence against the hotel rather than the tour operators. The hotel owe a duty of care to their guests, and it would seem they have breached this duty by allowing the pool to become unclean. Again, however, this is a tort rather than a contract issue. Veraà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s specific ailment resulting from her swim would probably not give the hapless couple a cause of actio n, as the hotel would probably be able to escape liability by relying upon the disclaimer notice displayed prominently above the pool. This notice states that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Residents swim at their own riskà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. Again, whether this notice amounted to sufficient notice to escape liability would be an objective test. Such factors as the exact position of the notice (we are told only that it appears on the back wall), the size of the print, and whether it was obscured by anything would all need to be considered. It is likely that a higher degree of notice will be required than usual in this instance, as the term is, perhaps, more unexpected than usual. Following Thornton v Shoe Lane Parking Ltd, if a term is unusual or unexpected (as this particular one might be regarded), the degree of notice is correspondingly higher. There are, then, a number of possible causes of action available to Jack and Vera upon their return from this disappointing holiday. BIBLIOGAPHY Cases Balfour v Balfour [1919] 2 KB 571, CA Bannerman v White (1861) 4 LT 740 Bissett v Wilkinson [1926] All ER 343 Bowerman v Association of British Travel Agents Ltd (The Times, November 24, 1995) Curtis v Chemical Cleaning Dyeing Co [1951] 1 All ER 631 Edwards v Skyways Ltd [1964] 1 WLR 349 Edgington v Fitzmaurice [1881 1885] All ER Rep 59 Esso Petroleum Ltd v Commissioners of Customs and Excise [1976] 1 WLR 1 JEB Fasteners Ltd v Marks Bloom Co [1983] 1 All ER 583 J Evans, etc v Andrea Merzario Ltd [1976] 1 WLR 1078 Jones v Padavatton [1969] 1 WLR 328 Merritt v Merritt [1970] 1 WLR 1211 Olley v Marlborough Court [1949] 1 All ER 127 Parker v South Eastern Railway (1877) 2 CPD 416 Partirdge v Crittenden [1968] 1 WLR 1204 Rose and Frank Co v JR Compton [1925] 2 AC 445 Simpkins v Pays [1955] 1 WLR 975 Tanner v Tanner [1975] 1 WLR 1346 Thompson v LM S Rly Co [1929] All ER 474 Thornton v Shoe Lane Parking Ltd [1971] 2 WLR 585 Secondary sources McKendrick, E., Contract Law (Oxford, 2003) Footnotes [1] McKendrick, E., Contract Law (Oxford, 2003), p296

Rational Decision Making And Its Effect On Crime Causation...

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Christian Theology And The Biblical View Of Special...

â€Å"Christian theology has had to protect the biblical view of special revelation against many perversions. Platonic preoccupation with â€Å"eternal ideas† accessible by rational contemplation alone, plus the disregard of history as a meaningful arena. † Acknowledging and identifying the Four Horseman in Rev. 6:1-8 King James Version is no different in the body of the church today. Many venues have tried to explain and teach expansions views of their current teachers/shepherds that really do not qualify to have the title. Let alone study or understand the Word of God as a literal as history events that have occurred and as future events that will come. Before the digression of the information required for this DB, it is wise to back up for a moment and reintegrate the difference in tribulation and Great Tribulation. Jesus states in John 16:33 These things I have spoken unto you, that in me ye might have peace. 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The People Of Dune By Robert O Reilly - 1923 Words

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American Revolution Notes Radical or Moderate free essay sample

Some historians argue that the Revolution was solely aimed at achieving the Limited goal of independence from Britain. There was a consensus among the Americans about keeping things as they were once the break from Britain had been accomplished The Revolution was inevitably viewed as a struggle of liberty versus tyranny between America and Britain. The Revolution was radical in its character, according to Bancroft, because it hastened the advance of human beings toward a millennium of everlasting peace and universal brotherhood.The imperial school believed that political and constitutional issues brought on the Revolution. The Progressive historians held that the primary causes were social and economic. Gibson claimed the British were Justified In taxing the Americas and tightening the Navigation Acts after 1763, because largely Brutish blood and money had been expended In the Great War for Empire, 1754-1763 (French and Indian War). Carl L. Becker, Charles A. Beard, Arthur M. Schlesinger Sir. , and J. Franklin Jameson stressed class conflict as well as insisted the political or constitutional ideas had an underlying economic basis.Disenchantment of the merchants with British rule, said Schlesinger, arose from the economic reverses they suffered as a result of the strict policy of imperial control enacted by the mother country after the French and Indian War. The merchant class later became, in Schlesinger words, a potent factor o the conservative counterrevolution that led to the establishment of the United States Constitution. In the struggle between colonies and the mother country, the Americans emerged as the conservatives because they were trying to keep matters as they were before 1763.Daniel J. Verboten argued that the revolution was conservative on the Imperial as well as the local level because Americans were fighting to retain traditional rights and liberties granted to them under the Brutish constitution. In refusing to accept the principle of no taxation without repre sentation, Abortionist wrote, the patriots were insisting upon an old liberty, not a new right. The colonists, according to Bailey, were convinced that there was a sinister plot against liberty in both England and America.Americans believed the conspiracy had succeeded in England and that America represented the last bastion or the defense f English liberties and the freedom of all mankind. Bailey took issue with the Progressive historians who declared that the patriot leaders were indulging in mere rhetoric when they employed such words as conspiracy, corruption, and slavery. The colonists meant what they said; the fear of conspiracy against constitutional authority was built Into the very structure of politics, and these words represented real fears, real anxieties, [and] a sense of real danger. Nash concluded that social changes had turned these seaport communities Into crucibles of revolutionary agitation. The increasing poverty and the narrowing of economic opportunities resulted in Some [New Left Historians] pictured the Revolution as a social movement an internal strug gle within the colonies caused in part by class antagonism. Grooms conclusion was conservative that the townspeople had gone to war not to promise social change, but to stop it. Some of the new social historians suggested the Americans may have been caught up in a serious identity crisis as a people on the eve of the Revolution. Such historians saw Americans as profoundly conflicted toward the mother country. To Shy, the war was not an instrument of policy or a sequence of military operations solely, but rather a social process of education. The Radicalism of the American Revolution, by Gordon Wood, suggests that the Revolution ushered in a new American no longer hampered by habits of deference, feelings of inferiority, or hesitation about economic advancement.Wood, like Bailey before him, insisted on the Revolutions radical transformation of ideas of property, work, and the self. Property no longer meant simply land; it also meant personal wealth dynamic, fluid, an evanescent.. . Which, claimed, unlike land could not create personal authority or identity. Work, not leisure, suddenly defined Americans, and most important, the Revolution gave Americans a sense of equality and self-worth. This repudiation explains the predetermined nature of the outraged response to Great Britains provocative policies in the years before the Revolution.They [Americans] felt the sting not only of extra taxes and burdens of maintaining the British military presence, but also the humiliation of rejection from participation in an Englishmen they believed they shared. While Barrens revision returned to an earlier view of the ideological origins of the Revolution, nevertheless he agreed with Bailey, Wood, and, in a modulated way, Bancroft, that the Revolution had, in the long run, radical results. R. R.Palmer compared the intellectual and ideological trajectories from the American and French revolutions, finding more political consensus and continuity in the United States despite greater levels of inequality. In France, on the other hand, he contended that there had been less stability and more open conflict over class than in the United States. T. H. Breed Four new elements in particular influenced how the colonists imagined themselves within the Anglo-American world: the developing military strength of Great Britain, the spread of a consumer-oriented economy, the creation of a self-conscious middle- sense of British national identity.Franklin announced that Americans must know, must think, and must care, about the country the chiefly trade with. Ordinary people laboring men and women as well as members of a self-confident middling group who bellowed out the words to the newly composed Rule Britannic and who espoused positively to the emotional appeal of God Save the King gave voice to the common aspirations of a militantly Protestant culture. P. J. Marshall remarks, British nationalism had an extremely adverse impact on men and women who did not happen to live at home. According to Marshall, English people could perhaps envisage a common community with the Welsh and, often with much difficult, with the Scots, but they failed to incorporate the Irish or colonial Americans into their idea of nation. At indictment, therefore, colonial Americans confronted what must have mimed a radically new British consciousness. It was this fluid, unstable context that colonist on the periphery attempted to construct their own imagined identity within the empire. Confronted with a sudden intensification of British nationalism, the colonists initial impulse was to Join the chorus, protesting their true Brutishness, their unquestioned loyalty to king and constitution, and their deep antipathy for France and Catholicism. We must pay close attention here to chronology, to the different phases in a developing conversation with England as the colonist moved room accommodation to resistance, from claims of Brutishness to independence.European settlers of an earlier period had, of course, struggled with some of the same issues, alternately celebrating and lamenting the development of cultural differences. But whatever the roots of the challenge, dramatic changes in English society, several of which we have already examined, forced provincial Americans for the first time to confront the full meaning of Brutishness in their lives. Like Franklin, Bellman assumed that England and America were equals. The success of one directly undistributed to the succe ss of the other.Both found fulfillment in their common Brutishness. According to Bellman, the brilliant leadership of William Pit during the Seven Years War had attached us more firmly than ever, to the kingdom of Britain. We are proud of our connection with a nation whose flag was triumphant in every corner of the Globe. We were fond of repeating every plaudit, which the ardent affection of the British nation bestowed on a young monarch [George Ill], rising to glory in the name of Briton. As became increasingly and distressingly obvious ruing the run-up to independence, heightened British nationalism was actually English nationalism writ large. Plough]egger [John Adams] stated that the source of anger was not so much parliamentary taxation without representation as it was the sudden realization the that British really regarded the white colonial Americans as second class beings, indeed as persons so inferior from the metropolitan perspective that they somehow deserved a lesser measure of freedom.The Reverend Samuel Sherwood of Connecticut protested that colonists were not an inferior species of animals, made the beast of burden to a lawless, corrupt administration. Lee remarked with obvious resentment, despite superior family background, the Virginians of his own generation are treated, not as the fellow-subjects but as the servants of Britain. Adams concluded that it was the English who had projected a sense of difference and inferiority upon the colonists. American as a descriptive a term in some measure intended to be humiliating and debasing. Richard L. Merritt discovered that available evidence indicates that Englis hmen began to identify the colonial population as American persistently after 1763 a decade before Americans did so. P. J. Marshall again reminded us that the rise of the concept of American owed quite a lot to British usage. The Stamp Act crisis came after an intense burst of Imperial royalty during the Seven Years War, and the colonists felt badly betrayed.Bailey concluded that when Parliament attempted to tax the colonists without representation, Americans assumed the worst. Events appeared to be fulfilling their ideological nightmares. And in this situation, they employed a strident country language employed originally be English politicians, critical of court corruption, to translate imperial regulatory policy into a dangerous plot against provincial liberty and property. The extraordinary bitterness and acrimony of colonial rhetoric requires us to consider the popular fear that the English were systematically regulating Americans to second-class standing within the empire. What we tend to forget, however, is that they also complained that their British Brothers had begun treating them like Negroes, a charge that cannot be sails explained as an American echo of English political possession.Within the radically evolving imperial framework, the Stamp Act seemed and especially poignant for the Americans of their new second-class status. According to Cunnings, it was far from our intentions inclination to separate ourselves from Great-Britain; and that we had it not even in contemplation to set up for independence; but on the contrary, earnestly wished to remain connected with her, until she deprived s of all hopes of preventing such a connection, upon any better terms and unconditional submission. Gary B. Nash

The Vision Essay Research Paper Most people free essay sample

The Vision Essay, Research Paper Most people are disbelieving about psychics and psychic powers. In the book The Vision by Dean Koontz, there arises a existent convincing psychic Mary, who has visions of slayings that are yet to go on. But, a new turn to the narrative causes Mary to see a different sort of vision. Murders more ghastly than of all time. More hard to see. Harder to prosecute. All these factors cause the reader, and perchance Mary to inquire who are the 1s who truly care for her. Can the liquidator perchance be person she loves? Or possibly a haunting truth about the yesteryear. The narrative takes topographic point in assorted locations of modern twenty-four hours California. Some of the narrative takes topographic point in Los Angeles, but the most momentous portion of the narrative takes topographic point in a small town called King # 8217 ; s Point. The town is on the Pacific Coast Highway, and expensive houses dot the shoreline. Refering to the visions, Dean Koontz vividly describes the scene of each of them, as they take topographic point. For illustration, he takes the reader to one of the scenes of a slaying. A little beauty store in Santa Ana, California. He forces the reader to visualize the assorted facets of a normal beauty store, such as, the outside. The neon visible radiations, the thenar trees, the jade-plant hedges, and the money-scented air. He informs the reader of the aroma of the shampoo, pick rinse, Cologne, and sweat. He tells how the floor was covered in hair, and the violet colour of the walls, and the plush purple rug. He describes the sound of the hair drier and the gunfire in which the liquidator shot the teller. As one can see, the writer exhaustively describes the scene. The chief character is of class, the psychic, Mary Bergen. She is the writer of a syndicated newspaper column about psychic phenomena, and the 1 who pursues the visions in which the liquidator creates. The true individuality of the liquidator is non clear until the terminal of the book. Max Bergen, Mary # 8217 ; s hubby, and Alan Tanner, Mary # 8217 ; s brother, each attempt to assist Mary prosecute her visions to catch the slayer, and to liberate Mary # 8217 ; s life of the atrocious emphasis that encompasses her. But Max and Alan don # 8217 ; t acquire along really good. Alan feels that Mary could hold picked a better adult male to get married, because he believes that all Max is after is Mary # 8217 ; s money, and that Max doesn # 8217 ; t truly recognize how delicate she is. Max knows how Alan feels, but evidently he disagrees. Max is reasonably a strong adult male, six inches taller, and forty lbs heavier than Alan. Although Max had promised Mary that he would neer physica lly fight another individual, he feels a strong demand to contend Alan, but knows that won # 8217 ; t halt him from being so chesty. Alan on the other manus, can easy carry people with his sweet voice, and delighting visual aspect. There is besides Dr. Cauvel, Mary # 8217 ; s head-shrinker, and Lou Pasternak, one of Mary # 8217 ; s old friends. Calcium uvel urgently tries to associate Mary’s visions to the yesteryear. Pasternak, an alcoholic journalist, helps Mary and Max seek to happen the slayer, and halt him. Mary Bergen, the well-known psychic, has unfortunate visions of liquidators killing their victims. One twenty-four hours, a awful vision appears with no warning. And from so on, these visions are even more ghastly than her usual visions, and they ever prevent Mary from seeing the slayer # 8217 ; s face. This puzzles Mary, so she goes to her head-shrinker Dr. Cauvel, to seek some replies. He tries to dig into her yesteryear and unveil some truths. She was abused as a kid by one of her neighbours, who purportedly killed all of her brother Alan # 8217 ; s pets. And her male parent died when she was truly immature. Mary doesn # 8217 ; t clearly recall any of the maltreatment she experienced. All she can truly retrieve is the flutter of a batch of wings, like those of a bird. She frequently has visions of merely the wings, and it is an mystery which badly frightens Mary. All she knows, is the wings relate to her maltreatment. Sing that Mary has blocked this portion of her yesteryear ou t, Cauvel believes that her maltreatment is what caused her to get down holding these visions. That same twenty-four hours, a vision comes to her. As she tries to prosecute the vision and see the slayers face, 100s of glass Canis familiariss that the Doctor had collected, flew of the shelves, and at Mary. Scared and confused, Mary subsequently looks for comfort in Max. He of class amenitiess her, and attempts to assist work out the enigma. He takes her to King # 8217 ; s Point where the following slaying is to take topographic point and to run into with Lou, who helps them by holding a sitting to reply some of Mary # 8217 ; s inquiries. A Ouji board assists in replying these inquiries. But, there are a few inquiries asked by the reader, such as: Is the slayer really person who is near to Mary? The Vision by Dean Koontz, is a really exciting book that will most decidedly maintain one turning the pages. It has a batch of suspense, and most of all, a batch of enigma. The writer does a good occupation in allowing the reader cognize what is traveling on at all times. He does so in such an interesting mode, which keeps one beggary for more. The book itself has a really attractive screen which besides gets one # 8217 ; s attending. This book is recommended to about anyone, but largely to those who like slaying enigmas. In reading this book, one will happen that the chief character Mary, goes through many hazards but neer seems to give up. She persists with her visions until she feels that justness has been served. Even though she has some people against her, chiefly the sceptics, she besides has people who love her assisting. This merely shows that even though one might experience like the universe is against them, they really have friends who love them plenty to assist them work out all their jobs. It merely takes continuity and forbearance. 31a

Ceremonial Speech by L. B. Johnson an Example of the Topic History Essays by

Ceremonial Speech by L. B. Johnson 'I speak tonight for the dignity of men and the destiny of democracy. I urge every member of both parties, Americans of all religions and of all colors, from every sections of this country, to join me in that cause.' Ladies and gentlemen, these are words spoken by our president Lyndon B. Johnson in his quest to make America a nation free of discrimination by race and color of the skin. He went on ahead to say 'there is no cause for self satisfaction in the denial of equal rights of millions of Americans, but there is cause for hope and for faith in our democracyfor the cries of pain, the hymns and protests of oppressed people have summoned into convocation all the majesty of this great government. Our mission is at once the oldest and most basic of this country: to right wrong, do justice to serve man. In our time, we have come to live with moments of great crisis. Our lives have been marked with debate about great issues of war and peace, issues of prosperity and depression. But rar ely in any time does an issue lay bare the secret heart of America itself.' The issue he was referring to was that of equal rights for all Americans regardless of ethnicity, color or race. Need essay sample on "Ceremonial Speech by L. B. Johnson" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Undergraduates Usually Tell Us: Is EssayLab the cheapest essay writing service which can help with my paper? Essay writer professionals suggest: Academic Writers are waiting for your order Lyndon B Johnson was the then president of the United States of America having just being elected after the assassination of J. F. Kennedy. He had called on Americans to eliminate from the nation all and any traces of prejudice against other fellow Americans. In doing so, he adopted the slogan as used by black Americans civil rights activists at the time. In his speech, addressed to congress, he urged them to realize the fact that all men were created equally and that should apply to their rights in this case, the right to vote. He went ahead to appeal to them by saying that the right to vote was rooted in democracy with no excuse, delay, hesitation or compromise for denial of the right irrespective of color or race of an individual. He called on congress to overcome the crippling legacy of bigotry and injustice that plagued the nation. This he delivered in front of a joint session of congress Lyndon B. Johnson was one of the greatest presidents of our country. As the 36th president, he was in office from November 22, 1963 to January 20, 1969 and during his tenure, he signed the bill which has enabled black Americans to vote without discrimination. By the time he passed on, this great man had left behind a legacy that ensured he would live on in the hearts of all self respecting Americans. He served a long time in both houses of the congress. He was well versed in public speaking having taught public speaking, Johnson was obviously well prepared for the task ahead. After graduation, he was elected Congressman Richard M. Kleberg's legislative secretary and thus began his political career and worked his way up congress. He was known to be a workaholic who demanded the same from his subordinates. When he became the majority leader of congress in 1954's re-election, he was responsible for the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1957 thus considered by historians like Dallek as the most effective Senate majority leader in America's history. He had a way of getting to people. He appealed to their emotions in a way that only he could, He was notorious for discovering senators' philosophies in life, their prejudices, strengths and weakness and inevitably winning them over to his perspective. He had been appointed by Kennedy as head of the President's Committee on Equal Employment Opportunities where he worked with most minority groups in the US with his speech at Gettysburg catalyzing the activists. In collaboration with the civil Rights movement, Johnson overcame the resistance and got through to congress and eventually passed the Civil rights Act of 1964 that outlawed all forms of prejudice based on race. He appeals to a number of values; dignity, human rights, patriotism, democracy. Johnson's speech had to be well formulated if he was going to achieve his goal. He was facing a tough crowd with an even tougher topic that is of racism which was an accepted behavior at the time. In this scenario he had to choose carefully his diction and thus exemplified the situation by generalizing it. He was out to fight for the rights of all the minority groups in the country. He appealed to their patriotism by saying, 'There is no Negro problem, and there is no southern problem. There is no problem. There is only an American problem and we have met here tonight as Americans not as democrats or republicans, we arehere to solve this problem. He pressed on it further by adding that as a country they should look at the oppression of one particular group of people by another. He appealed to their basic human nature by saying 'This dignity cannot be found in a man's possessions, it cannot be found in his power, or in his position. It really rests in his right to be treated as a man, equal in opportunity to all others. It says that he shall share in freedom, he shall choose his leaders, he shall provide for his family according to his ability and his merits as a human being. These are things that every man wants to be able to do with no one hindering him/her from performing them. Johnson saw no reason for man to be denied his human rights based on the color of his skin, the most basic right of all being to choose leaders. Every American citizen must have an equal right to vote. There being no reason which can excuse the denial of that right. He went on to appeal to them for the sake of democracy by adding that 'the constitution says that no person shall be kept from voting because of his race or his color. He urged them to open their polling places to all p eople. Allow men and women to register and vote whatever the color of their skin. They are all citizens of this country and this is what it means to have democracy. In conclusion, Although the 15th amendment had clearly assured the right to vote for all citizens of the united states of America, African Americans were however not allowed to exercise that right and It was common place for a black American to be given a literacy test and pay poll taxes so as to be granted the right but even with that, only about 20% of black Americans were able to vote due to this sort of discrimination. In his speech, Johnson says this about the situation 'To apply any other test-to deny a man his hopes because of his color or race, his religion or the place of his birth-is not only to do injustice, it is to deny America and to dishonor the dead who gave their lives for freedom.' He went on further to say, 'All of us have to overcome the crippling legacy of bigotry and injustice.' In his speech, Johnson condemned the injustice that was meted out to people based on their color and appealed to the congress through his public speaking skills to reconsider the situation as it is and as how it should be. References: Caro, R. A. (1982). The Years of Lyndon Johnson: The Path to Power. New York: Alfred a Knopf Inc Reedy, G. (1982). Lyndon B Johnson: A Memoir. Woods: Randall

Sample Secondary Application Essay

Sample Secondary Application EssayMany candidates find that they have to do more than a sample secondary application essay to get accepted for medical school. This is because there are many special requirements for the admission process. Medical schools want to put you through a rigorous admissions process. If you can write well and get accepted, you will have made a great impression on those who review your application.A sample application essay that gives some basic information about you is what many candidates are required to write. Some of this information might be related to your personal life, or you might be interested in a particular career path that will match your interests. Here are some of the most common questions that you might be asked during the application process.There are multiple questionnaires to help you sort through your applications and should you get several, it is wise to read through them all and answer each one. The following essay sample might not be comp letely relevant for every situation, but it will give you an idea of what you might be asked. Some of the questions that you will need to answer are as follows: What is your professional experience? Describe a time in your life when you did something important.If you have worked for your employer, describe the tasks that were required of you and what was expected of you. You may also include a line that says: 'Please remember that this is my story, and it is a good story for a doctor'What do you like to do with your free time and why? Some of the questions that you will be asked will include: Describe a time in your life when you had to work very hard to help someone else.Tell about an activity that made you feel proud of your abilities and what you expected to achieve by doing it. After you have answered the above questions, you should answer these questions: Describe a time when you were afraid of meeting someone new or different.To do a sample secondary application essay, you sho uld be aware that you will be asked to fill out several different documents. The following document template might be helpful:

the Gracchus Brothers essays

the Gracchus Brothers essays With his brother, Gaius Gracchus (153-121 BC), Tiberius Gracchus, (163-133 BC), was brought up under special care of his mother, Cornelia, daughter of Scipio Africanus the Elder. In 146 BC he took part in the capture and destruction of Carthage, on which occasion he is said to have been the first Roman to scale the city wall. In 137 BC he acted as financial administrator to the army of Gaius Hostilius Mancinus in Spain. There in the ancient Spanish city of Numantia Tiberius saved from destruction an army of 20,000 Romans, which had been defeated. They were at the mercy of the Numantines who would only negotiate with Tiberius because they trusted his father. Upon his return to Rome Tiberius became a champion of the cause of the common people and the impoverished farmers. He was elected tribune of the people in133 BC, and despite opposition from the aristocracy led by his cousin, Scipio Africanus the Younger, he obtained legislation providing more equal distribution of public lands am ong the small farmers. A committee of three, consisting of Tiberius, his brother Gaius, and his father-in-law Appius Claudius Pulcher, was appointed to carry out the new law. When the term of his tribuneship expired, Tiberius presented himself for re-election. With this declaration he had upset the Senate, which thought that holding the office of tribune for two successive years was unlawful. A rumour followed that he was seeking dictatorial power. His enemies demanded his immediate death and formed a riot in which Tiberius was murdered, along with his 300 followers, and his body thrown into the Tiber River. At the time of hi brothers death, Gaius was serving with the Roman army in Spain. He returned to Rome a year or two later and attained a position in financial administration in 126 BC he was sent to Sardinia, then in a state of rebellion. Even though the Roman Senate wanted to keep Gaius from Rome by extending his term as financial administrat...

Is Turkish law incompatible with EU membership Essay

Is Turkish law incompatible with EU membership - Essay Example Ten years ago Turkey applied for accession to the European Union.Till today the accession has not be granted.Mainly because of the huge overall concern that Turkey is not what is perceived to be a truly democratic and free countryOne largely ignores the fact that not half a century ago that what was mostly a divided and warring section of Mediterranean countries like Greece, Spain and Portugal is now today an integrated and peaceful Europe and the European integration project in which Turkey wants to join, has brought Europe together into a cohesive whole creating a 'security community' within an ever growing community where there is a "democratic peace". Former authoritarian and militarily dominated countries have come together. And the conditionality for the membership 'peace and cooperation' has been the most potent tool for the drawing together of diverse cultures and groups such as French, German, Poles, Hungarian and Romanian countries. Dialogue and a mutual sense of security e xists where earlier there was only confrontation and suspicion. Till today Turkey's dream of integration into the EU is still a dream. A virulent debate still rages over whether Turkey will strengthen EU's 'democratic zone' or destroy it and undermine the functioning of the EU through its action, most of which is considered as unlawful in the EU.The most prominent argument is that Turkey is a hardliner and the regions surrounding Turkey is filled with instability, violence, terrorism and political instability with hard-line Islamic fundamentalism. But internationally prominent figures like George Bush and Condoleeza Rice, Tony Blair are all for the process of Turkey's integration into the European Union. Olli Rehn (assumed office as EU Commissioner for Enlargement on 22 November 2004,) is the President of the European Commission responsible for Enlargement of the European Union (ENP), which was adopted in 2003. EU borders are being stretched now to the Middle East and World borders are breaking down. Increasingly Turkey is starting to play a prominent role. It is shedding the coercive aspects of its political views and laws are becoming much more liberal and dependent on dialogue and cooperation, dismantling prejudices and promoting mutual trust. The Portuguese Foreign Affairs minister recognized this and after the Brussels Council meeting in 2005 he said 'the US will be pleased and Bin Laden will be disappointed'. This was the meeting where it was decided that talks on Turkey accession to the EU would start. With this accession to the EU it's credibility and influence in world politics and the Muslim world will increase significantly. Prominently opposition was because the Turks did not allow freedom of expression. For a long time challenging status quo in Cyprus amounted to treason and the Anan Plan was criticized and applauded in turn. The Prime Minister, Tayyip Erdoan (wanted a "win-win" solution) Discourse of this kind was a new phenomena and a novel one in Turkey and undoubted this was the pressure that was created due to the EU and the prospect of accession. On 12th September 2005 was published the 12 cartoons by the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten which showed the Muslim Prophet Muhammad in a variety of humorous or satirical situations. Turkey and the Muslim world clashed with the western world. Danish Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen's nomination as NATO's new secretary-general due to his stand in 2005 in this issue lead to his leadership being strongly opposed and the rights and the freedom of expression in the Muslim world being strongly questioned. It seemed to be incompatible with the U.N declaration of human rights. Muslims complained about an 'ongoing smear campaign' in Denmark against Islam and warned that negative reaction could result in Muslim countries and Muslim communities in Europe. They called on the prime minister "to take all those responsible to task under law

Gangs and gang behavior - week 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Gangs and gang behavior - week 5 - Essay Example Page 126 shows a list of all the problems in communities such as availability of firearms, violence and other problems. These problems lead to other problems for the members of the society, such as children as noted in page 127, for children between 12 years to 17 years. For example, it is well-known that the gang members in a society who are the most vicious and violent are usually the ones who are usually respected and praised by other members and even some members of the society. In disorganization theory, a child gets influence from existing members in the society. If the child gets exposed to such attitudes or beliefs, believing that the most violent gang member is the most respected, then this child also adopts the same trend, as noted in page 128 on risk factors. This is where the developmental theory comes in, because such a child who is under the wrong influence views the gang life as the best choice. Therefore, it is not surprising to see such a child failing in school and adopting the gangster-like behavior while trying so that he or she also gets the same respect. In chapter 5, page 119, Howell clearly states that the development theories explain more on gang joining, as part of a development process. As child, such as the one mentioned in the example who joins a gang because of influence from the neighborhood gangs is also likely to influence other children, such as his or her friends. Therefore, it becomes a development process as proposed in the development theories, because more children continue to join

Effects of Rapid Population Growth Essay Example for Free

Effects of Rapid Population Growth Essay While population growth is at times a beneficial thing for a species, there are many factors that define when growth becomes detrimental. When population growth becomes rapid there is a great chance that the counter-productive level has been reached. The most accurate index is the balance between population and sustainability. 1. Rapid Growth oRapid growth is a quick increase in population. The number concerned when calculating the population is the number of individuals alive. In other words, while some areas may have large numbers of births, they may not realize an increase in their population if the death rate is sufficient to offset the birthrate. These sort of factors can actually contribute to birth rates and the rate of growth. For example, in times when populations have experienced great losses, a rapid increase in population may occur. In these situations this may be termed a correction (this is a statistical concept). The Baby Boom following World War II is an instance of this sort. Causes There can be a variety of causes for rapid population growth. There are circumstances which can create sentiment in the population that will inspire population growth. These are usually immediate, or short lived, occurrences and can cause rapid growth. There are also other conditions which seem inversely related. In areas of poverty and lower living conditions, birth rates are sometimes higher. This can result in birth rates higher than those of industrialized nations where birth control is ubiquitous and pregnancy is put off for some time. Another cause of population growth is older populations living longer while birth rates do not decline. Many nations are experiencing rapid population growth of that sort in numbers that havent existed in the past. Any combination or single factor can cause the population number to increase in the immediate, but some factors are more likely to cause sustained growth. Effects oPopulation growth, even rapid population growth, can be a positive thing. Examples include corrections when the rapid growth may actually supply a population that wouldnt have existed to contribute otherwise. With sustained growth and rapid growth though there is a risk of overpopulation. When the level of overpopulation is reached, a number of negative effects can occur and a number of startling correlations are being discovered. Among the most definite and devastating effects of overpopulation is lack of land. The lack of land results in a number of things which result in negative impact on the population. Waste management of such populations is also difficult to handle effectively and can result in pollution and detriment to the environment. Without adequate land per individual the quality of housing decreases. Another result is insufficient land to produce crops. This results in hunger and ultimately starvation. These can be catastrophic and cause repercussions in the process. One example of these problems was London after the Industrial Revolution. Because of the population explosion in London, living space was minimal, leading to overcrowded conditions. A lack of food caused malnutrition, and poor waste management led to contaminated water supplies, which caused high levels of disease, such as typhoid and cholera. Changes in population sentiment oA newer correlation that has only recently been adequately studied to comment on is the effects on social stability of overpopulation. While it may seem evident that starvation may cause discontent, scientific studies have recently shown correlation between overpopulation and civil unrest. In many areas of unstable populations higher numbers of civil conflict within the area exist. Correlations like these often risk being self-sustaining and can spiral. Looking forward oNo single action is effective against all instances of rapid population or overpopulation. Some instances of rapid population growth may be a healthy response to some new factor. Monitoring populations and helping with the individual causes of unhealthy rapid population growth may help to prevent sustained overpopulation.